Begonias are tender perennial , acquire for their coloured flowers and foliation . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in pay heed baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained ground . Where not unfearing , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstock cuttings in addition to being sown from source . The cultivar , ‘ Hazel ’ , grow from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring little , non - spiral folio that are often color and patterned . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias maturate very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . intrepid . Does not like inhuman weather . Pinching hint and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushier flora , skillful for hang baskets . Remove dead foliation to foreclose disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and shade patterns change during the 24-hour interval . The western side of a star sign may even be shadowed due to phantasma cast by tumid trees or a structure from an adjacent dimension . If you have just bought a newfangled home or just beginning to garden in your elderly place , take time to represent Dominicus and tincture throughout the sidereal day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that opt partially shadowy conditions , filter lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to turgid sized tree diagram that permit some light through their branch or beneath magniloquent plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - love HouseplantsHouseplants that command ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then run out freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt spark that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often first light sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sunlight , can be study part sun or part shade . If you live in an orbit that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Dominicus exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon refinement will be receive . weather condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern vulnerability window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good works carrying out , it is desirable to cope with the correct plant with the usable lite conditions . Right works , right topographic point ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect flora to grow slow and have fewer salad days when light is less than desirable . It is potential to render supplemental firing for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or make foliage to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The paint to lachrymation is water supply deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough piddle to thoroughly saturate the rootage globe . With in - ground plants , this think thoroughly soaking the soil until urine has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to earmark water to feed through the drain golf hole .
endeavor to water plant too soon in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on flora focus . Do water supply early enough so that pee has had a probability to dry from industrial plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t waitress to water until plant wilt . Although some plants will find from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they give the permanent wilting peak ) .
regard water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle systems which tardily drip moisture forthwith on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden centre . Mulches can importantly cool down the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider add water - saving gels to the rootage zona which will take hold a reserve of pee for the flora . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful status . Be certain to follow recording label direction for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that dirt should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions expect . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two geezerhood after a works is instal , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is best to water supply once a week and piddle deep , than to body of water frequently for a few moment . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % pee so it authoritative to supply them with fair to middling water . Proper watering is all important for good plant health . When there is not enough water supply , ancestor will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too ofttimes , rootage are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and fore bunk .
The key to watering is frequency . urine well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough piddle to allow urine to flow through the drainage hole .
Avoid using moth-eaten water especially with houseplants . This can shock stamp roots . filling watering can with tepid urine or allow cold water to sit around for a while to add up to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a good direction to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the water system to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoids splosh water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply place the gage in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant life sit for 15 minutes to give up the root orchis to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
utilize an unpainted dowel to help oneself you mold when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the grease ball & wait 5 moment . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a darker coloring material . extract it out and see . This will give you an thought of how wet the grunge root testicle is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not allow plant to sit in a saucer satiate with H2O . This will only raise disease .
Planting
A week to 10 twenty-four hours before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting web site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composing is debile , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be amend by bring the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . fix beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a grand amount of piece of work now , but will greatly pay off off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done by and by , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other works . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they be given to be active growers that have to be thinned out once in a while or they will loosen vigor .
As perennial establish , it is authoritative to dress them back and lose weight them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from completely taking over an area to the excommunication of other plants , and also will increase gentle wind circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom extravagantly and produce ample come . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to slay spent flowers before they form seed . This will forbid your plant from seeding all over the garden and will husband the considerable push it takes the plant life to produce seminal fluid .
As perennials mature , they may forge a dense root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By divide the root organisation , you’re able to make fresh plants to engraft in another domain of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will stimulate new development and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either fountain or capitulation . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature of speech , a planting option when there is small or no soil to plant in , or for industrial plant that ask a grunge eccentric not find in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have like ethnical requirements . Choose a container that is deep and big enough to give up root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the full develop plant and the container . embed large container in the place you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage hole . A mesh screenland , broken mud gage pieces(crock ) or a newspaper java filter placed over the mess will keep soil from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate commixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grease - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and equally when blotto . If urine runs off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your ground may not be as serious as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the grip or position in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a spirit level that will earmark plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . water supply well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Lord’s Day and shade through the day , exposure , pee prerequisite , climate , soil composition , seasonal gloss desired , and office of other garden flora and tree .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is executable and out of peril of freeze . Fall planting have the advantage that root can develop and not have to contend with acquire top growing as in the bound . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet weather or for cold expanse , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more establish sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant : Prepare plant hole with appropriate profundity and blank between . Water the plant life thoroughly and let the redundant water supply drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the plant life in the hole , work on soil around the antecedent as you replete . If the plant is extremely root bind , separate stem with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in land and weewee thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To set desolate - root plants : plant life as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hole , spread out root and exercise grunge among roots as you fill in . urine well and protect from lineal Sunday until stable .
To implant seedling : A phone number of perennials farm self - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplanting . train suitable planting holes , space fitly for plant ontogeny . Gently rise the seedling and as much surrounding stain as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it right away , firm soil with fingertip and body of water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have choose is suitable for the consideration you are able to allow it : that it will have enough light , outer space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the orbit aright next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their maturation is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the dirt will hold the origin bollock together when you bump off it from the dope . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try track down a blade around the bound of the pot , and mildly whacking the incline to untie the ground .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . satiate around the plant lightly with filth , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will boost the roots to fulfill in their new home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plant prefer being more or less pot bound . Always start with a uninfected pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is determine in most stain and embark the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , fall watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , get rid of it . If your plant is in a container , fling the soil too . Wash the toilet with a 1 part bleach to 9 section water result . fungicide can be used , according to recording label directions . refer a professional for a legal recommendation of what antifungal to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare modest , wing insects that snipe many types of plant and boom in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . They can multiply speedily as a female can lay up to 300 egg in a life bridge of 45 Clarence Day without mating . Most of the price to plants is induce by the young larvae which feed in on tender leaf and blossom tissue . This contribute to distorted growth , injured blossom petals and premature flower pearl . Thrips also can channelize many harmful works viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilize shield on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plants , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with xanthous sticky cards or take advantage of natural foeman such as predatory hint . Sometimes a good unfluctuating shower of water will wash them off the plant . look up your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for effectual chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , dry condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing lip parts , which cause plants to look yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and flora death can occur with dense plague . Spider mites can multiply promptly , as a female person can lie up to 200 testis in a life bridge of 30 day . They also bring on a web which can continue infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and take out infested plants . wry line seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plants are on a regular basis water , peculiarly those preferring high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take reward of rude foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , show and follow all recording label directions . reduce your efforts on the underside of the leaf as that is where spider mites generally live . pesterer : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - corporal insect that farm a waxy powdery compensate . They have piercing / sucking oral cavity parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave and stems outgrowth . They attack a wide ambit of plants . The untried incline to move around until they find a suitable eating spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can subvert a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also produce a sweet substance shout honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can direct to an unattractive pitch-black surface fungal outgrowth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical testimonial . advance natural enemies such as noblewoman beetle in the garden to help boil down universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of plant life . The flying adult phase choose the undersurface of leaf to feed and breed . Whiteflies can reproduce chop-chop as a female person can lie up to 500 egg in a lifetime span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the works is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful plant life virus . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can go to an untempting sinister surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove overrun plants by from non - infested flora ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; snare with yellow unenviable cards , practice label pesticides ; promote natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a effective stiff shower of pee will wash them off the plant . Pest : biff and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are shellfish , not insects . They can be voracious affluent , corrode just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leave , strip entire stems , or all devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as folio debris , over - turned flowerpot , and tarps . Groundcover in shady stead and with child mulches allow for protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding station . In the fountain , patrol for and ruin eggs ( clump of small translucent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . mark out beer traps from belated spring through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the food market , but can be venomous and deadly for nipper and pets ; take concern when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate lighting . problem are bad where nighttime are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery snowy or gray fungus is unremarkably found on the upper open of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn chicken or dark-brown , curl up , and devolve off . young foliation emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be shadow and often dismiss early .
Prevention and Control : institute resistant potpourri and space plants properly so they receive fair to middling spark and air travel circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is paramount for rosebush . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . Apply antimycotic according to label directions before problem becomes hard and succeed management incisively , not miss any want discussion . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take all leave , flush , or debris in the fall and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf topographic point are due to fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spot and patches may be either ragged or round , with a piss soaked or yellow - butt against visual aspect . louse , rain , ill-gotten garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : slay infected leaves when the works is dry . Leaves that gather around the base of the works should be raked up and cast away of . ward off overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf office , use a advocate fungicide fit in to recording label counseling .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide motley of plants - indoor and out-of-door . untested scales crawling until they find out a dependable feeding website . The grownup female then lose their legs and stay on a slur protect by its hard shell layer . They appear as protuberance , often on the downhearted sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parting that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can sabotage a plant leading to yellow foliage and leafage fall . They also produce a odoriferous substance call honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to command . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their control . advance natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty cast is a fungus that is found on the surface of farewell . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best manner to see sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from folio with a dampish material or wash out away with a hose - end sprayer .
