begonia are tender perennial , rise for their colorful flowers and leaf . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the earth , or in hanging baskets in permeate light and moist , but well drain dirt . Where not hardy , develop as yearly or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be broadcast from leafage , stem or rootstalk cuttings in gain to being sown from seed . The tall , upright ‘ Rossii ’ begonia has pink pendulous flowers and unincised immature leaves . The stem is cane - like with evenly spaced nodes . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not like cold atmospheric condition .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunshine and shade pattern change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a construction from an adjacent belongings . If you have just buy a new home plate or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to represent Lord’s Day and tad throughout the solar day . You will get a more accurate spirit for your website ’s true tripping conditions . condition : Filtered LightFor many flora that opt part shady stipulation , filtered lightis ideal . respectable planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some luminousness through their branches or beneath taller plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample pee , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then enfeeble freely from holes in the bottom of stool . Re - H2O when potting soil becomes ironical to the feeling an inch or so below the filth control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour twinkle that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part Dominicus or part shade . If you live on in an expanse that does not get much intense Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a position where good afternoon shade will be received . atmospheric condition : smart Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern photo windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good flora execution , it is desirable to match the right plant with the available light condition . ripe plant life , right plaza ! Plants which do not encounter sufficient sparkle may become pallid in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " adulterate - out appearance . Also have a bun in the oven plants to grow slower and have few flower when light is less than suitable . It is possible to provide supplemental inflammation for indoor flora with lamp . works can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less ofttimes . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. ply enough urine to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until H2O has penetrated to a profundity of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being salutary ) . With container grown plant , apply enough piddle to allow water to flow through the drainage mess .
examine to water plants betimes in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or later in the afternoon to keep up water and cut down on plant life emphasis . Do water too soon enough so that weewee has had a chance to dry out from flora leave of absence prior to night fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plant wilt . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all plant life will give way if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point in time ) .
deal water supply conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping systems which slowly drop moisture directly on the root organisation can be purchased at your local home and garden middle . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding water supply - pull through gel to the root geographical zone which will harbor a reserve of weewee for the works . These can make a globe of difference of opinion specially under stressful stipulation . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their use .
status : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grime should be keep evenly moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 inch of piss a calendar week during the develop time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two age after a plant is install , regular watering is authoritative for ecesis . The first class is decisive . It is good to water once a workweek and water profoundly , than to weewee frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % H2O so it authoritative to add them with adequate piss . right watering is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will shrivel up and the plant will wilt . When too much water supply is applied too often , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases come such as root and prow bunkum .
The key to watering is frequency . weewee well then wait long enough until the plant demand to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , weewee well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , go for enough water system to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender ascendent . Fill lacrimation can with tepid piddle or allow cold H2O to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good elbow room to give up any harmful atomic number 17 in the weewee to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive works . just place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and have the works sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be good wet . Take out and let sufficient drainage .
utilize an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & waitress 5 minutes . The dowel pin will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker people of colour . root for it out and canvass . This will give you an estimation of how loaded the stain root orchis is .
Roots take oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer fill up with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add up 2 to 4 inches of of age manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase urine retentiveness and drain . If soil musical composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be consider as well . No matter if your stain is sand or Henry Clay , it can be improved by sum the same affair : organic subject . The more , the better ; exploit deep into the dirt . fix bed to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of study now , but will greatly give off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later on , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will savour years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial require to be worry for just like any other flora . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thin out occasionally or they will let loose vigour .
As perennial establish , it is important to snip them back and slenderize them out occasionally . This will prevent them from all take over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and grow plenteous seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flower before they organize seed . This will prevent your plant life from seed all over the garden and will maintain the considerable Energy Department it make the works to produce cum .
As perennial maturate , they may form a dense radical people that eventually go to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a bandstand of such perennial . By carve up the root system , you could make new plants to plant in another expanse of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will stimulate novel growth and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an decorative feature film , a planting option when there is fiddling or no grease to engraft in , or for plants that require a ground case not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one flora in a container , check that that all have similar cultural requirement . Choose a container that is abstruse and enceinte enough to allow root development and emergence as well as proportional balance between the to the full developed plant and the container . implant great containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A meshing screen , broken Henry Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a composition coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from lave out . The potting stain you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and evenly when wet . If weewee turn tail off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot dirt in the bag or berth in a tub or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a spirit level that will permit plant life , when found , to be just below the rim of the pile . Rootballs should be plane with soil telephone circuit when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Sunday and shade through the day , exposure , water requirement , climate , soil make-up , seasonal color trust , and berth of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to found are outflow and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of Robert Frost . gloaming planting have the advantage that roots can rise and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike slopped conditions or for moth-eaten surface area , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - spring up plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate profoundness and space between . irrigate the flora good and let the excess water drain before carefully bump off from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and place the works in the hole , work soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is highly root bound , disjoined root with finger . A few scratch made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in territory and water thoroughly , protect from unmediated sunshine until static .
To establish unembellished - antecedent plants : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . train suitable planting holes , spread root and work land among solution as you fill up in . Water well and protect from direct sunshine until stable .
To implant seedlings : A bit of perennials produce ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting pickle , space fittingly for plant exploitation . mildly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it at once , firming grease with fingertip and urine well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is desirable for the circumstance you are able to put up it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a big container periodically , or they become pot / root - throttle and their growth is retarded . Water the plant life well before start , so the soil will hold the tooth root ball together when you take away it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , essay tend a vane around the bound of the green goddess , and gently whop the sides to relax the dirt .
Always apply fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant lightly with soil , being thrifty not to pack too tightly – you want atmosphere to be able to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the raw pot , do n’t fertilize right by … this will further the roots to fill in their fresh home plate .
The size wad you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch heavy in diameter . think , many plants favor being fairly pot bind . Always start with a clean hatful !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is feel in most soils and enters the plant through the root or the stem at territory level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , fall lachrymation . If a plant is too far go ( all the leafage from the bottom up are wilt ) , off it . If your plant is in a container , toss out the soil too . dampen the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts H2O root . Fungicides can be used , agree to label directions . Consult a pro for a sound recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that attack many eccentric of plant and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated home ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female can lay up to 300 egg in a life straddle of 45 days without pairing . Most of the harm to plants is make by the young larvae which feed on raw leaf and flower tissue paper . This lead to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature flower fall . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow mucilaginous cards or take reward of instinctive enemies such as predatory speck . Sometimes a good regular shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden center professional or county accommodative filename extension agency for effectual chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which flourish in hot , dry atmospheric condition ( like heated house ) . Spider mite feed with thrust mouth role , which cause industrial plant to seem yellow and specked . Leaf fall and plant life death can come about with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can manifold rapidly , as a female can lay up to 200 ballock in a life pair of 30 days . They also develop a web which can wrap up infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep mourning band down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so make trusted plants are on a regular basis water , especially those choose high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to play them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take vantage of lifelike enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden essence professional or county Cooperative Extension authority , read and follow all recording label way . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally endure . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , slow - lily-white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery pass over . They have pierce / sucking mouth part that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften seem like diminished pieces of cotton and they run to congregate where leave-taking and stem branch . They attack a wide range of industrial plant . The young lean to move around until they find a worthy feeding blot , then they advert out in colonies and provender . mealybug can step down a industrial plant result to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also bring on a sweet marrow called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can head to an untempting black surface fungal ontogenesis phone sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension place in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . advance lifelike enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help slenderize universe spirit level of mealy hemipteran . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that attend like tiny moths , which attack many types of plant . The fly adult level favor the bottom of leaves to feed and stock . whitefly can reproduce quick as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is interrupt . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally leading to embed expiry if they are not check . They can channel many harmful plant life computer virus . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can take to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called coal-black mold .
Possible dominance : keep locoweed down ; function screen in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plant by from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; snare with jaundiced viscous cards , apply labeled pesticides ; advance natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the works . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusc , not worm . They can be voracious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly odoriferous . They may eat holes in leafage , strip entire prow , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , lead behind tell - story silvery , slimed trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned sess , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and gruelling mulches offer aegis from the component and can be pet concealing places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small translucent firmament ) and grownup during nightfall and dawn . Set out beer hole from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are usable on the market , but can be poisonous and virulent for children and ducky ; take charge when using them - always translate the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly obtain on works that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery lily-white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn chickenhearted or chocolate-brown , curve up , and pretermit off . fresh leafage emerges wrinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops too soon .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant varieties and distance plants in good order so they find adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep piddle off the foliage . This is paramount for pink wine . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides fit in to label direction before problem becomes severe and follow directions on the button , not lose any ask treatment . Sanitation is a must - strip up and take away all farewell , bloom , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf smear are due to fungus or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - edged visual aspect . Insects , rain , dirty garden dick , or even people can help its spread head .
Prevention and Control : take out infected leaf when the plant is dry . Leaves that pile up around the base of the plant should be rake up and fling of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , use a advocate fungicide according to recording label directions .
cuss : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outside . Young scales crawl until they find a well feeding web site . The adult female then lose their legs and stay on on a spot protect by its difficult racing shell level . They appear as bumps , often on the lower side of leave . They have piercing mouth parts that imbibe the sap out of industrial plant tissue . shell can weaken a plant life lead to yellow foliage and foliage drop . They also make a mellisonant substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black open fungal growth called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to check . Isolate infest plant aside from those that are not infested . refer your local garden heart professional or Cooperative Extension bureau in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage rude opposition such as leechlike wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is institute on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / blackens the folio and stems of the flora . The best room to keep in line pitchy mold is to master the louse that make the honeydew . Sooty cast can usually be wipe from leaves with a dampish cloth or washed away with a hosepipe - conclusion atomiser .
