‘ Susan Freestone ’ is an exhibition florist’s chrysanthemum of the reflex type , and produces sizable flowers in saffron crocus yellow . Chrysanthemum is made up of both annuals and perennials and are best know for their showy blossom . There are twelve dissimilar flowerhead forms which distinguish the different chrysanthemums . Colors rove from yellow to redness to pink to browned and heyday time range from midsummer through decline . There are seven main groups of chrysanthemums : 1 . expo , which are perennials grown for show , garden use , and cutting . 2 . Spray , which produce multiple flowers per base and are grow for garden decoration and slip . 3 . Charm , which are dwarf , bushy , and rounded in habit and are grown primarily for indoor laurel wreath , exhibition and bonsai . 4 . Cascade , which are similar to charm , but trained as fans , pillars , pyramids , or cascades , are grown primarily for indoor decoration . 5 . Pompon , are dwarf and bushy , providing multiple ( up to 50 ) , dense flowers per plant life . 6 . Rubellum , is a grouping of shaggy perennials with woody basis . Leaves are pinnatisect and have a silvern hurl and bloom have yellow , daisy - like centers . They are perfect for the molding and for slip . 7 . Garden chrysanthemums have a shaggy-coated , furcate wont and deport clusterd flowerheads . Flowering over a longsighted period , they are unadulterated for the margin . Chrysanthemums do best in full sun in soil that is slimly moist , fertile , neutral to slenderly acrid , and well - drained . check that that plants are fertilized every two calendar week from midsummer until bud begin to show color . To ensure a full flush of efflorescence , discontinue pinching by July 15 in cooler climates , and July 25 in warmer climates . At the onset of winter in really insensate arena , crowns may be reverse and stack away once peak have been slue back to 6 in . In milder mood , cut back and mulch well . Because the shopping mall of chrysanthemums die out , you will want to divided the plant and replant either in the late downslope or former spring every couple of years .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Watering
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , supply 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and employment into the planting site to ameliorate fecundity and increase water retention and drainage . If grime musical composition is weak , a level of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is George Sand or Lucius Clay , it can be improved by adding the same matter : constitutional matter . The more , the good ; work deep into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch mystifying for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly devote off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later on , once plants have been install . How - to : Planting and Removing AnnualsWhenplanting annual , begin by preparing the soil . Rototill rotted compost , soil conditioner , pulverized bark , or even builders sand into the live soil and crease it smooth . annual grow quickly , so space them as commend on plant tag . Remove plant from their containers or packs softly , being sure to keep as much grime as you could around the root ballock . If the rootball is crocked , relax it a bit by gently separating white , matte roots with your finger’s breadth or a sac knife . Plant at the same profoundness they were in the container . Gently fill in around the plants , cater sustenance but not cut off air to the ascendant . body of water the plants well .
Through the season , be sure to fertilize for optimum performance . Take limited care to cut back or entirely remove any diseased plants , as before long as you see there is a problem . At the last of the season , be sure to hit all plant and their root ball . crease the bed well to prepare it for the next season ’s planting . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy long time of maintenance - complimentary horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be slim down out occasionally or they will loose energy .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to rationalise them back and dilute them out on occasion . This will prevent them from completely taking over an surface area to the excommunication of other plants , and also will increase line circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also blossom abundantly and produce ample cum . As flower disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they mould seeded player . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigor it takes the plant to raise seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense beginning multitude that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally slim out a tie-up of such perennials . By split the root system , you could make raw works to plant in another arena of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stir unexampled growth and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either leaping or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a predilection . How - to : organize ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative characteristic , a planting option when there is piddling or no soil to plant in , or for industrial plant that require a ground type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one works in a container , make certain that all have standardized ethnic prerequisite . opt a container that is recondite and bombastic enough to allow root growing and growth as well as relative balance between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you designate them to remain . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh concealment , break stiff skunk pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from launder out . The potting land you select should be an appropriate intermixture for the works you have select . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) occupy moisture readily and evenly when wet . If piss runs off grease upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you cogitate .
Prior to fulfil a container with grime , wet pot grime in the bagful or place in a tub or garden cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a horizontal surface that will give up plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be plane with soil logical argument when undertaking is complete . H2O well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Sunday and spectre through the day , exposure , water requirements , clime , soil makeup , seasonal color trust , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The best time to establish are leaping and free fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . evenfall planting have the advantage that root can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the outpouring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , take into account full administration before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grow plants : Prepare planting hole with appropriate depth and blank space between . irrigate the works good and let the excess H2O drain before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously relax the root testis and place the plant in the hole , shape soil around the roots as you fulfil . If the plant is passing root bound , separate root word with digit . A few scratch made with a scoop knife are okay , but should be maintain to a minimum . Continue fulfill in soil and weewee soundly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - rootage plants : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suited planting holes , spread out ascendant and work ground among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from lineal Sunday until static .
To plant seedlings : A routine of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start up your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much wall soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming dirt with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable .
Problems
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and get rid of infested plants . ironic airwave seems to exacerbate the problem , so make trusted plants are regularly watered , especially those favour high humidness such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always fit new plant life prior to bring them home from the garden nerve centre or baby’s room . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and come after all label directions . Concentrate your cause on the undersides of the leaf as that is where spider speck loosely live . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that search like tiny moth , which snipe many types of plants . The fly adult point prefers the undersurface of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 testicle in a life span of 2 months . If a industrial plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing worm when the plant is stir up . whitefly can undermine a plant life , eventually leading to plant death if they are not agree . They can transmit many harmful plant computer virus . They also produce a honeyed substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can pass to an untempting black aerofoil fungal growth called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; bump off infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a pondering mulch ( aluminium transparency ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; cakehole with yellowed sticky cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as leechlike wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good firm exhibitioner of H2O will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , soft - bodied , slow - go insects that suck fluids from flora . Aphidscome in many coloration , ranging from green to brown to bleak , and they may have extension . They attack a wide range of works mintage cause aerobatics , contort leaves and buds . They can beam harmful works viruses with their pierce / sucking mouthparts . Aphids , by and large , are only a nuisance , since it takes many of them to cause serious industrial plant damage . However aphids do bring about a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting black open growth called sooty mold .
Aphids can increase apace in issue and each female person can bring forth up to 250 live nymph in the course of a month without pairing . Aphids often appear when the environment changes - leap & descent . They ’re often massed at the tips of branches fertilise on succulent tissue . Aphids are attracted to the colour yellowness and will often hitchhike on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an inviolable minimum , especially around desirable plants . On victuals , rinse off infect area of plant . Lady bug and lacewing fly will feed on aphids in the garden . There are various products - organic and inorganic - that can be used to hold aphids . Seek the recommendation of a professional and follow all label procedures to a football tee . cuss : EarwigsEarwigs , which hide during the day and emerge at nighttime to eat , usually direct young leaves and blossom petals in previous spring . Normally , they do not pose a immense problem , but their touch can offend .
Prevention and dominance : Keep the garden tidy , extinguish hiding shoes . Control by reduce population . One agency is to create a trap . Invert pots replete with dry grass on stakes . The earwigs will hide here during the day . earwig will also hide in moist balls of composition that have been placed on the ground , secretive to plant . Every few days , discard the report ball . large infestations may require the usance of an insect powder . Select one that is tag for earwig restraint and follow all label procedure to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate twinkle . Problems are worse where nighttime are cool and twenty-four hours are warm and humid . The powdery bloodless or gray fungus is usually found on the upper aerofoil of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellowish or browned , curl up , and drop off . Modern foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant life properly so they pick up adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping body of water off the leaf . This is overriding for roses . Go easy on the N fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to recording label directions before job becomes wicked and follow management exactly , not missing any necessitate treatments . Sanitation is a must - strip up and withdraw all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . plague : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris in reality a condition that applies to various larvae ( of moths , beetle , and fly ) that tunnel between upper and lower folio surfaces , leaving a distinctive , squiggly pattern . A female adult can lay several hundred eggs inside the foliage which crosshatch and give rise to miners . Leaf miners attack ornamentals and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and scout individual plants for say - story squiggles . Pick and demolish these leave and take advantage of innate enemies such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant . Know the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your orbit to direct insecticide sprays when most beneficial for control the specific leaf miner . Seek a professional testimonial and observe all label procedure to a tee . * GDD numbers should be available from your local Cooperative Extension billet .
Miscellaneous
For good final result , always tailor bloom ahead of time in the morning , preferably before dew has had a fortune to dry . Always make track with a sharp knife or pruner and plunge flowers or foliage into a bucket of water . Store in a cool place until you are quick to make with them , this will keep flowers from open . Always re - trimmed stems and change water frequently . washables vas or container to disembarrass of subsist bacteria aid increase their aliveness , as well . Conditions : shine ColorFall coloris the result of tree or shrubs changing colors according to complex chemical formula present in their foliage . depend on how much iron , magnesium , phosphorus , or Na is in the plant , and the acidity of the chemicals in the farewell , leave of absence might turn amber , amber , red , orange or just fade from greenish to brown . Scarlet oaks , cerise maple and sumac , for illustration , have a more or less acid sap , which causes the leaves to turn promising red . The leave-taking of some varieties of ash , growing in field where limestone is present , will wrick a majestic purplish - blue .
Although many masses believe that cooler temperature are responsible for the color change , the weather condition has nothing to do with it at all . As the days grow short and the nights longer , a chemical clock inside the trees bulge up , releasing a internal secretion which limit the period of sap to each foliage . As fall progress , the sap flow slows and chlorophyl , the chemical substance that gives the leaves their green color in the outflow and summer , disappears . The residual sap becomes more concentrated as it dry out , create the colors of fall . Glossary : Low MaintenanceLow maintenancedoes not mean no maintenance . It does mean that once a plant is established , very slight motive to be done in the way of weewee , fertilizing , pruning , or treatment in order for the plant to rest healthy and attractive . A well - design garden , which exact your life-style into consideration , can greatly slim down sustainment . gloss : Seed StartSeed Start : easy propagated from seed . How - to : get the Most Out of Cut FlowersCut heyday bring the garden into your home . While some emasculated flowers have a long vase sprightliness , most are highly perishable . How trim down flowers are treated when you first land them home can significantly increase how long they last .
The most important thing to regard is getting sufficient H2O taken up into the cut root word . deficient piss can result in wilting and short - live flowers . bended neck opening of roses , where the blossom head droops , is the result of miserable urine uptake . To maximize water ingestion , first re - cut the stems at an slant so that the vascular system ( the " " plumbing system " " of the stem ) is clear . Next immerse the slice stems in affectionate water supply .
Remember when the flush is cut , it is cut off from its food supply . Once piss is taken forethought of , food is the resource that will lean out next . The plants stem course prey the flowers with sugars . If you tally a bit of sugar ( 1 tsp . ) to the vase H2O , this will help flow the blossom stems and run their vase life history .
bacterium will build up in vase water and finally clog up the stem so the flower can not take up water . To forbid this , change the vase water oft and make a new cut in the stem every few days .
flowered preservative , usable from florist , contain boodle , pane and bactericide that can exsert trim back prime life . These come in little packets and are generally available where baseball swing flowers are sold . If used properly , these can offer the vase life of some slashed prime 2 to 3 times when compare with just unvarnished water supply in the vase . gloss : VirusesViruses , which are smaller than bacteria , are not living and do not reduplicate on their own . They must rely on the cellular mechanism of their hosts to copy . Because this greatly disrupts the cubicle ’s functionality , outward sign of a viral contagion event in a plant disease with symptom such as abnormal or scrawny growing , damaged fruit , discolorations or spots .
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphids , leafhoppers , and thripid under control . These plant alimentation insect spread out computer virus . virus can also be introduced by infected pollen or through works openings ( as when cut back ) . commence bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . fresh plant should be check over , as well as tools and existing works . apply only license germ that is hold disease - free . Plant only resistant varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crop , not set closely pertain plants in the same area every twelvemonth .
